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Cellular respiration | Definition, Equation, Cycle, Process, Reactants ...
Cellular respiration, the process by which organisms combine oxygen with foodstuff molecules, diverting the chemical energy in these substances into life-sustaining activities and discarding, as waste products, carbon dioxide and water. It includes glycolysis, the TCA cycle, and oxidative phosphorylation.
Reaction rate | Facts & Formula | Britannica
Reaction rate, the speed at which a chemical reaction proceeds. It is often expressed in terms of either the concentration (amount per unit volume) of a product that is formed in a unit of time or the concentration of a reactant that is consumed in a unit of time.
Chemical reaction | Definition, Equations, Examples, & Types - Britannica
A chemical reaction is a process in which one or more substances, the reactants, are converted to one or more different substances, the products. Substances are either chemical elements or compounds. A chemical reaction rearranges the constituent atoms of the reactants to create different substances as products.
Photosynthesis | Definition, Formula, Process, Diagram, Reactants ...
Photosynthesis is the process by which green plants and certain other organisms transform light energy into chemical energy. During photosynthesis in green plants, light energy is captured and used to convert water, carbon dioxide, and minerals into oxygen and energy-rich organic compounds.
Ethanol | Definition, Formula, Uses, & Facts | Britannica
Ethanol, a member of a class of organic compounds that are given the general name alcohols. Ethanol is an important industrial chemical; it is used as a solvent, in the synthesis of other organic chemicals, and as an additive to gasoline. It is also the intoxicating ingredient of many alcoholic beverages.
Periodic table | Definition, Elements, Names, Symbols, Groups, Charges ...
Periodic table, in chemistry, is an organized array of all the chemical elements in order of increasing atomic number. When the elements are thus arranged, there is a recurring pattern in which elements in the same column (group) have similar properties.
Chemical industry | Overview, Importance, & History | Britannica
Chemical industry, complex of processes, operations, and organizations engaged in the manufacture of chemicals and their derivatives. Raw materials include fossil fuels and inorganic chemicals. An average chemical product is passed from factory to factory several times before it emerges into the market.
Biochemistry | Definition, History, Examples, Importance, & Facts ...
Biochemistry is the study of the chemical substances and processes that occur in plants, animals, and microorganisms and of the changes they undergo during development and life.
Urea | Definition, Formula, Production, Uses, & Facts | Britannica
Urea, the diamide of carbonic acid. It has important uses as a fertilizer and feed supplement, as well as a starting material for the manufacture of plastics and drugs. It is a colorless, crystalline substance that melts at 132.7 degrees C (271 degrees F) and decomposes before boiling.
Hydrogen | Properties, Uses, & Facts | Britannica
Hydrogen, a colorless, odorless, tasteless, flammable gaseous substance that is the simplest member of the family of chemical elements. The earliest known chemical property of hydrogen is that it burns with oxygen to form water; indeed, the name hydrogen is derived from Greek words meaning ‘maker of water.’
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